140 research outputs found
\alpha_S from LEP
Recent results on measurements of the strong coupling from LEP are
reported. These include analyses of the 4-jet rate using the Durham or
Cambridge algorithm, of hadronic decays with hard final state photon
radiation, of scaling violations of the fragmentation function, of the
longitudinal cross section, of the lineshape and of hadronic
lepton decays.Comment: 3 pages, 2 figures, invited parallel talk at EPS HEP 2007 Manchester,
added comment on estimation of theory error in section 5 and new ref [10
Studies of Fragmentation Functions using e+e- Annihilation Data from PETRA and LEP
We present studies of the angular and momentum distributions of charged
particles in hadronic final states of e+e- annihilation. Some results are
derived from reanalysis of data of the JADE experiment operating at the PETRA
e+e- collider at DESY from 1979 to 1986 while other data are from OPAL.Comment: 3 pages, 2 figures, contribution to Quark Confinement V, Gargnano,
Italy, 10-14 Sep 200
Power Corrections in Electron-Positron Annihilation: Experimental Review
Experimental studies of power corrections with e+e- data are reviewed. An
overview of the available data for jet and event shape observables is given and
recent analyses based on the Dokshitzer-Marchesini-Webber (DMW) model of power
corrections are summarised. The studies involve both distributions of the
observables and their mean values. The agreement between perturbative QCD
combined with DMW power corrections and the data is generally good, and the few
exceptions are discussed. The use of low energy data sets highlights
deficiencies in the existing calculations for some observables. A study of the
finiteness of the physical strong coupling at low energies using hadronic
decays is shown.Comment: 10 pages, 6 figures, 2 tables, contribution to FRIF workshop on first
principles non-perturbative QCD of hadron jets (Jan 2006
Studies of the 4-jet rate and of moments of event shape observables using JADE data
Data from e+e- annihilation into hadrons collected by the JADE experiment at
centre-of-mass energies between 14 and 44 GeV were used to study the 4-jet rate
using the Durham algorithm as well as the first five moments of event shape
observables. The data were compared with NLO QCD predictions, augmented by
resummed NLLA calculations for the 4-jet rate, in order to extract values of
the strong coupling constant alpha_S. The preliminary results are alpha_S(MZ) =
0.1169 +/- 0.0026 (4-jet rate) and alpha_S(MZ) = 0.1286 +/- 0.0072 (moments)
consistent with the world average value. For some of the higher moments
systematic deficiencies of the QCD predictions are observed.Comment: Contribution to proceedings of ICHEP 2004, Beijing, China, 4 page
How do particle physicists learn the programming concepts they need?
The ability to read, use and develop code efficiently and successfully is a
key ingredient in modern particle physics. We report the experience of a
training program, identified as "Advanced Programming Concepts", that
introduces software concepts, methods and techniques to work effectively on a
daily basis in a HEP experiment or other programming intensive fields. This
paper illustrates the principles, motivations and methods that shape the
"Advanced Computing Concepts" training program, the knowledge base that it
conveys, an analysis of the feedback received so far, and the integration of
these concepts in the software development process of the experiments as well
as its applicability to a wider audience.Comment: 8 pages, 2 figures, CHEP2015 proceeding
Precise determination of from a global fit of energy-energy correlation to NNLO+NNLL predictions
We present a comparison of the computation of energy-energy correlation in
collisions in the back-to-back region at next-to-next-to-leading
logarithmic accuracy matched with the next-to-next-to-leading order
perturbative prediction to LEP, PEP, PETRA, SLC and TRISTAN data. With these
predictions we perform an extraction of the strong coupling constant taking
into account non-perturbative effects modelled with Monte Carlo event
generators. The final result at NNLO+NNLL precision is
.Comment: 35 pages, 10 figures, 2 table
Dead cone effect in charm and bottom quark jets
The evolution of a heavy quark initiated jet is mainly ruled by gluon
bremsstrahlung. As a consequence of the dead-cone effect, this radiation is
suppressed in the forward direction at angles smaller than that proportional to
the heavy quark mass , i.e. at energy of the
primary quark. In this paper, we unveil this effect in charm and bottom quark
jets using DELPHI and OPAL data from Z boson decays in
annihilation at center of mass energy 91.2 GeV. The analysis of the
reconstructed heavy quark fragmentation function in momentum space shows the
strong suppression of hadrons at high momenta in such events compared to light
quark fragmentation by a factor . The amount of this suppression
is well reproduced by perturbative QCD (pQCD) within the Modified Leading
Logarithmic Aproximation and the compact scheme of Local Parton Hadron Duality
(MLLA-LPHD). As a new result, we obtain an almost perfect agreement between the
light quark fragmentation functions expected at from DELPHI
and OPAL data with Pythia8 and shed light on the reasons for the existence of
the ultra-soft gluon excess at small momentum fraction in comparison with pQCD
predictions.Comment: 7 pages, 4 figures, to appear in Nuclear and Particle Physics
Proceedings of QCD23: 26th High-Energy Physics International Conference in
QCD. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:2303.1334
Semantic Benchmarking of Process Models - An Ontology-Based Approach
This article suggests an approach which allows the costly analysis of processes (e.g., in serviceoriented architectures) for benchmarking to be partially automated, so that the performance indicators, as well as qualitative differences between processes become apparent. The approach is based on using appropriate ontologies, which make the process models both syntactically and semantically comparable. In this article, we present a conceptual model for this new approach to process benchmarking, a framework, as well as a software prototype for analyzing and comparing individual process models. We provide an overview of our multi-method evaluation methodology and delineate the technical, conceptual, and economic evaluation perspectives with their respective outcomes. This analysis allowed us to determine whether our approach is generally suitable for generating novel and useful information on different process models that describe the same problem domain
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